A Female’s Step-by-Step Guide for How to Start a Business by Francie Hinrichsen — Lionesses of Africa



Book review

Dream, Build, Grow: A Female’s Step-by-Step Guide for How to Start a Business, written by Francie Hinrichsen, MBA, is your go-to guide to launch, plan, and grow your business so you can create a future you feel giddy to wake up to. This book will sashay you along each step to begin your own dream business and help you fashion your new lifestyle of freedom like a breath of fresh air.

In Dream, Build, Grow, entrepreneurial hype girl, serial entrepreneur, and MBA Francie Hinrichsen provides realistic, achievable, and step-by-step guidance to start your business. After realizing women could thrive with the right support and plan, Hinrichsen created an entrepreneurship community that gives women the confidence and coaching to start and succeed at business. Now she shares the lessons she’s learned in her own journey and in coaching women through their start-up businesses.

This guide overflows with thought-provoking questions, action steps, practical guidance, business bestie encouragement, checklists, real life examples, and “oops, don’t make my mistake” insight so you can write the start-up story of your dream company.

Dream, Build, Grow can help you:

  • Discover six simple phases for how to build your dream business successfully

  • Gain insider guidance for introducing your business to the world

  • Articulate the dream on your heart and connect it to how you’re uniquely wired

  • Uncover strategies successful businesses use to become and remain profitable

  • Research your business idea so you don’t waste time or energy

  • Ensure your business has longevity so you can create a life of impact

  • Create key building blocks for the foundation of your business

With an abundant suite of resources, this essential business guide is designed for the fierce woman who needs just the right guidance and encouragement to say yes to a beautiful journey of entrepreneurship. It’s a tool you can refer to again and again as your company grows and thrives. It’s time to leave the fear of the unknown behind so you can create your dream business. Let’s begin.

Author Quotes

Grab your gusto, dig in your heels, and leave behind your fear of the unknown, because we’re unlocking the potential and drive buried deep inside you, and together we’ll create the incredible reality of your dream business.

I like working, I thrill at the feeling of accomplishment. I enjoy an ongoing project. I love building a business that I created.

My definition of freedom is living life on my terms, using my time however I please. Entrepreneurship affords abundant freedom, which might be one reason you are considering starting a business.

About the author

Francie Hinrichsen is a serial entrepreneur and business enthusiast who empowers female entrepreneurs to breathe life into their business dreams. After feeling like a misfit in the corporate world, Francie discovered a life she loved waking up to through business ownership. As an entrepreneurial hype girl with an MBA, Francie Hinrichsen realized other women could thrive with the right guidance and support. Francie created the Founding Females mastermind, an entrepreneurship community that coaches women through improving their business mindset and operations. Now she shares the lessons she’s learned in her own entrepreneurship journey and in coaching women through their own successful start-up businesses. She believes that anyone with a dream on their heart can pull up a seat to change the world through entrepreneurship.

www.HerBusinessGuide.com



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Greater focus required in the manufacturing sector — Lionesses of Africa



Impact Partner Content / Absa

As the fourth largest contributor to gross domestic product, manufacturing is a key sector to the country’s recovery plan and achieving our future growth by creating jobs and lessening the country’s reliance on imported products.

Absa is proud to be the Platinum Sponsor of the Manufacturing Indaba, which will take place on 21 and 22 June 2022 at the Sandton Convention Centre.

It cannot be ignored that the marketing sector, which is of vital importance, has been through a tumultuous time over the past two years. The most notable constraint recently, has been the impact of global lockdowns, COVID-19, strikes, riots and the current Russian invasion of Ukraine, on the supply chain disruptions and rising input costs.

However, manufacturers are once again proving their resilience with improvements in confidence and activity levels. Not only this, but we are also seeing manufacturers reinvesting in their own businesses to improve production and reduce costs by purchasing more efficient machinery and equipment.

An ongoing concern for the manufacturing sector, is the unreliable supply of energy, along with the rising electricity tariffs. With 2022 expected to be the worst year of load shedding that we’ve experienced, manufacturers are taking their energy journey into their own hands by installing solar and adding batteries to further future-proof their businesses.

As structural changes remain a key consideration for South Africa to not only recover, but to grow in the future, it is vital for all stakeholders in this sector to engage and share insights. Therefore, Absa is proud to be the Platinum Sponsor of the Manufacturing Indaba, which will take place on 21 and 22 June 2022 at the Sandton Convention Centre.

Absa  remains a committed supporter to the makers of Africa – the manufacturers that contribute to livelihoods, produce our food and beverages, manufacture automotive vehicles, clothe our nation and create the key components that support our infrastructure. It is for this reason that Absa designs tailor-made solutions to meet the unique needs of this sector to help unlock the potential in the manufacturing value chain of South Africa.

The aim of the annual Manufacturing Indaba is to empower members of sub-Saharan Africa’s promising manufacturing community to identify global trends, keep abreast with global competition, embrace digital transformation, cultivate a skilled workforce, enable black industrialist collaboration, and gain insights on available incentives to better empower their businesses in the new era impacted by COVID-19. Bringing together business owners, industry leaders, government officials, capital providers and professional experts, these discussions will pave the way for a more equitable, competitive and successful manufacturing industry and economy.

The event consists of free-to-attend seminars on the exhibition floor with content focused on knowledge sharing and trade opportunities, as well as a paid conference consisting of four plenary sessions and 12 specialised breakaway streams, covering a range of topics. Download the conference agenda: https://www.manufacturingindaba.co.za/programme2022/

Don’t miss this opportunity to meet with us, network with industry leaders and gain insights. Register as a conference delegate: https://manufacturingindaba.co.za/register-conference-jhb/ or register to attend the FREE exhibition: https://manufacturingindaba.co.za/visit-exhibition/.

Absa  does more for the manufacturing sector to thrive. That’s Africanacity.

Absa is an Authorized Financial Services Provider and a Registered Credit Provider NCRCP7



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Flacia Wanjiru Nyamu, a Kenyan entrepreneur with a passion for training and consulting to elevate opportunities for the youth — Lionesses of Africa



What does your company do?

Woven Link Africa is a Kenyan registered training and consulting business whose key focus is to elevate young people’s talents and the integration of technology into youth programs that create entrepreneurship and employment opportunities. Woven Link Africa believes in elevating young people’s talents and nurturing youth programs that re-connect vocational education, entrepreneurship, and employability. Also, provide all youth with greater opportunities for entrepreneurship employment and uptake of technology solutions. The Woven Link Africa business model is 80% for profit and 20% social enterprise that focuses on five actors. The model enables the business to fund the social enterprise activities through profits which is key for sustainability for social impact.

(a) Youth led enterprises or organizations

(b) Enterprises or organizations with a larger percentage of youth staff

(c) Organizations that provide products and services for youth

(d) Regulatory institutions

(e) Financial institutions and Sacco/credit unions

What inspired you to start your company?

After working as a creative technologist, hybrid freelance professional for 18 years with a key focus on integration innovation and strategy in my combined expertise of Skills Development Expert, Educator, Entrepreneur, Project, and Programs Management, it was time to achieve my goal of institutionalizing my experience, knowledge, and skills.

Why should anyone use your service or product?

We elevate the product and service offering capacity for institutions, private sector and individuals that provide solutions to create employment and self-employment opportunities. Woven Link Africa draws its inspiration from quality woven cloth that is able to withstand considerable wash and wear from interlocking quality yarn. We believe the interlocking linkage of quality vocational; entrepreneurship, employability and integration of technology provides youth human capital that is innovative, resilient self-motivated and agents for change.

Tell us a little about your team

I have a virtual team of trainers and consultants who I collaborate with on assignments on a needs basis. I am currently the only full-time staff member. However, the beauty of the virtual team is they also contribute to product development and are my think tank in reviewing our offerings and in the development of strategy.



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The “why” of Your Why. A closer look at meaning and purpose — Lionesses of Africa



by Ashika Pillay

The topic of purpose and meaning is often an uncomfortable one. One that feels heavy and sometimes feels undone. Do you know your purpose in life? Do I know mine? It’s sounds lofty and unattainable. We look at those who look like they have found theirs’ with envy and sometimes sadness. When will this bolt of enlightenment strike me too?

What if we change the conversation and change the words that we use? From purpose to how to we find meaning? Meaning in our work, in our families and in life itself? What if we change the conversation to know that there is not just one answer, to the question of “what’s my purpose?”

Somehow this reframing feels lighter for me. Feels attainable, and almost a relief. What if we also change the conversation to allow purpose and meaning to evolve, so that we can be flexible with it as we evolve and as our life shifts with age. A mom who finds meaning in taking care of her little kids and has chosen that, can look at other ways to find meaning when her work kids are older. Successful executives and entrepreneurs can evolve purpose as their businesses and careers matures in time. A fixed grasping on purpose that is unchanging can certainly be unhealthy and stress inducing.

Simon Sinek in his book “Start with the Why” says that “Achievement happens when we pursue and attain what we want. Success comes when we are in clear pursuit of why we want it. The why and the meaning behind our actions can be the nucleus of our wellbeing. We can know the deeper perspective from even what may appear to be the most mundane tasks. You can take a dull task (to me at least) like admin, or invoices and infuse meaning into that. This can also be the antidote to that “p” word – procrastination. Looking at the bigger picture!

There’s even the “why” to know your “why”. Studies have shown that purpose and meaning are associated with higher scores for memory, executive functioning, and overall wellbeing. Additionally, there was a cardiovascular health impact in cardiovascular health, lower depression and anxiety levels and greater happiness. A sense of coherence, that manifests in the body with less stress in the system, better sleep, lower levels of inflammation in the body. These people were also more productive, had better connections and relationships. It was also found that there could be monetary value of a purposeful life as a sense of purpose predicts greater income and net worth.

So here are a few practical questions to help you activate your meaning in the work that you do? First look at the bigger picture. What is the reason that your work is important? For example, how and why is accurate invoicing important? What impact does your work have on yourself, and on others? What is the impact on your family, the community, and future generations? You could also speak to a coach and explore this in a more in-depth way.

To start the exploration of your bigger purpose, it’s important to first see this as a journey. Really an exploration. Hold this question with ease and lightness rather than an exam question where the answer must be found and must be right. Below are a few reflective questions to start this journey.

  • What matters most to me i.e., what are my values?

  • What am I good at (my strengths)?

  • To explore, where can I volunteer to see how I feel in that particular environment?

  • Imagine your best self. What are you doing?

  • Cultivate positive emotions like awe and gratitude

  • Look at the people you admire. What about them do you admire most?

  • When am I in flow (when time stops), what am I doing?

  • What difference do I want to make?

  • What will my legacy be? How will my (grand)children describe me?

Meaning and purpose can be the center of performance, of achieving close to if not beyond our potential, of believing in the work that we do and making a positive impact in the world. It does not have to be some lofty goal to change the world dramatically for millions. It can simply be the starting point to change your world, and to leave the world a fraction better than you found it. It requires time, reflection, and action. So, take the first step today, and ask the right questions?



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Connect and Grow — Lionesses of Africa



by Carla Wasserfall

One of the basic human needs are the need for belonging. Our brains are wired to belong and this points to connection with others. According to Psychology today online, social connection is beneficial for your health. A research study from Steve Cole shows that healthy social connection can strengthen your immune system and help to recover from disease faster.

However, entrepreneurs are often found to be self-driven, express difficulty in asking for help, and even delegating tasks to get things done due to the speed of getting ideas implemented. At the same time, the isolation of the journey of starting a business has recently been raised as a concern for the mental health of these founders. This highlights even more reason to stay connected.

Social connection is not only good for your health but for your business too.

More than ever, start-up entrepreneurs and business owners need to make a conscious effort to connect and reach out to others for support and guidance which has been the wonderful part of being part of Lionesses to share stories of inspiration on this business journey.

The quote that says, “if you want to go fast, go alone but if you want to go far, go together” and when building a sustainable business of the future, having a team of supporters is one way to enjoy the journey and grow faster.

The benefits of being part of a community and connection is endless but here are a few shared:

  • Personal growth.

  • An increase your sense of connection and belonging.

  • Interpersonal skills

  • Learning from others

  • Collaboration of skills

  • The gift of giving and knowledge sharing

  • Health benefits of connection on your immunity

  • Emotional support

One of the best ways to connect with others is to extend a helping hand to others and this can create a light in your world too. You will feel energized by contributing and even make someone else’s day!   

Ask yourself today, what can I put into immediate action this month to connect more?

Here are some actions to practice for connecting more:

  • Join an entrepreneurs’ group like Lionesses of Africa and attend an event

  • Reach out to someone who has walked where you want to go

  • Help another business owner with expertise you have

  • Setup a coffee and conversation to collaborate

  • Post an encouraging message on social media to other business owners.

  • Get a mentor or coach

Remember this quote by an inspirational woman Helen Keller “Alone, we can do so little; but together we can do so much.”

Connect more and experience personal and business growth. Join a community group and club that can help increase your sense of connection and belonging.

References:

Psychology Today – Connect to Thrive https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/feeling-it/201208/connect-thrive



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Moving Matters


by Safiyyah Boolay-Jappie

By now, this probably doesn’t need mentioning, but I am mentioning it anyway. Moving matters. As a natural stress reliever, moving matters for your body, your mind, heart and soul. It is one of those mysterious things. When we get moving, it’s a restorative experience for us ALL ROUND.

 

Movement is the song of the Body

— Vanda Scaravelli

 

We’re not calling it exercise and you don’t have to buy a load of Lycra and utterly thrash yourself – unless you’re into that. It turns out that any type of physical activity will combat stress, especially the types you enjoy most. So why not do something you actually like? You could even learn a new skill, like the tango. Imagine yourself at parties if you could tango! Think about the outfits!!!!

I simply love going for a long walk or doing yoga at home in my pj’s. I know myself well enough to know that any activity that requires special outfits are not going to fly with me. I would love to try my hand at boxing … but can I do it in my pj’s?

Maybe you have a physical hobby like furniture restoration that you have been fantasizing about? Maybe there is a garden you’re dying to create? Perhaps you’ve been putting off the chance to play with your kids? The possibilities are quite literally endless!

Know what works for you and what feels rewarding to you. Prioritise it and start slowly. I beg you! Start slowly. As little as 5 minutes can be a huge leap for you in experiencing the benefits of movement, leisure and restoration.

Your heart, body, mind, endurance and your productivity will thank you.


Safiyyah Boolay-Jappie is a life coach, based in South Africa. She helps high achieving, ambitious women to create impactful careers without sacrificing their well-being, themselves, their relationships, and quality of life. She helps women to beat burnout and to thrive. Having worked in the corporate world for 20 years, most of these in complex leadership roles whilst raising two children, she understands the demands being juggled by professional women, both in their professional and personal lives. Today, she wants to share those learnings with other women through her personal coaching and training.

More articles by Safiyyah



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What Do We Really Do When The Past Is Too Bitter? — Lionesses of Africa



by Elohor Oderowho

Almost every successful person has had pivotal moments in their lives that nearly turned their worlds upside down – there was usually a setback, a traumatic experience or an event so painful that made them for a moment, stop believing.

Just last week, I got connected with an old friend, Kenechi, who struggled almost half her life. Although 7 years older than me, I was an insider and knew almost everything she went through from childhood to adolescence down to adulthood. She lost her parents at the early age of 6 and had to live with a distant relation – whom she shared no strong ties with (for a solid 13 years). Forced to become a housemaid, abused and beaten at the slightest mistake – Kene grew up in mental chaos and frustration. In spite of all these, one thing amazed me about her. She hardly looked like what she was going through. Kene was this church girl, easy-going and open-minded; I recall how often she’d talk about her dreams and ambitions – which truly hardy made sense to me, given her situation at the time.

For a few months we lost contact and I discovered that she got an opportunity to study somewhere in Wales, after she connected with her Uncle – who vowed to show her favour for the sake of his demised brother (her father). Kene now works as a big-time therapist and counsellor in London – beating the imaginations of all who know her history.

Many of these stories often send chills but some of all these experiences are too bizarre to be called a simple coincidence. Oprah Winfrey is one perfect example, she was raped at the age of nine, became pregnant at fourteen and lost the child at infancy. Some people wonder how she possesses such a powerful ability to pierce through the heart of others on television – causing them to unrestrainedly tell their stories. But the truth is that her experiences both as a child and as a teenager caused her to develop empathy, discernment and most of all – the courage to impact others.

While we all have diverse experiences, it’s imperative that we understand the power of the past. To some people, the past is extremely traumatic, mentally debilitating and too painful to even recount. Some grew up in extreme poverty, became orphaned early, experienced grave losses, financial ruin, sexual abuse or something more devastating. But irrespective of these, it’s always easier to ace in spite of demoralizing past experiences and become the top 20% of society with resilience.

Resilience, which is the process of standing strong in the face of misfortune or adversity, is often developed as one progresses through tough times and learning to accept the messiness that comes with being a human – an unavoidable truth creates a stronger adaptability feature.

What makes two people different despite having gone through similar traumatic experiences is the willingness to overcome the struggles whilst determining to thrive. The most successful people had to let go and sometimes took very rare risks to make astonishing changes.

Many people think that forgetting the past is what makes you strong – well, I have a different opinion; it’s rather your ability to carefully integrate your past into your present reality that makes you different. In other words, the power of the past is that you can find purpose in it. You don’t have to run away from these experiences or shun your broken beginnings – rather, develop adaptability, independence and determination to come out of the other side. A very practical example is the purification process of gold. It’s thrown into the fire and beaten until it becomes as gold as it should be.

Looking through another lens is perhaps one of biggest ways to understand that the past is often the fueling agent to big breakthroughs and success. A person who understands what it means to live in extreme poverty will have a stronger determination to practice financial management, take risks and invest. Another person who has gone through the spasms of sexual abuse will find it easier to be revolutionary when dealing with similar cases in people. A therapist who understands what it means to be mentally torn down and broken will develop more practical approaches in the field. Therefore, there is always a solution and a potential to thrive amidst every tinge of pain – that’s if you begin to see it that way.



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One farmer’s successful transition from poultry to crops – African Farming


Many farmers are specialists in their fields and Rudzani Sadiki, originally from Mokopane, Limpopo, was well on his way to becoming a poultry specialist when circumstances forced him into a completely different farming direction – farming oilseed crops. Not a man to allow change to put him off his stride, Rudzani adapted quickly and applied his mind to making a success of oilseed farming. He talks to Peter Mashala of African Farming about strategising and staying resilient.

Mokopane poultry farmer Rudzani Sadiki was happily supplying chickens to Mike’s Chickens in Polokwane as a contract grower, when the business collapsed, almost ruining Rudzani and many other contract growers who supplied the processor. The trouble for the poultry farmers began when the government bought Polokwane based Mike’s Chickens in a BEE deal that went badly wrong.

“Many of us saw it coming as we watched the new management begin to mismanage the business. We knew we had to make other plans,” says Rudzani. In 2016 he applied for, and was accepted as a grower for another farm. But the farm was at the other end of Limpopo, in Dwaalboom outside Thabazimbi, and it was a grain farm. Rudzani had to relocate and switch from commercial chicken production, producing 42 000 birds per cycle, to commercial grain production producing yellow maize, sorghum, wheat and sunflower on 1 000ha near Thabazimbi.

“It wasn’t an easy transition and I had to hit the ground running. But I think when you are a born farmer, nothing is impossible,” he says. Rudzani was born and raised in the Matshe village outside Makhado, previously Louis Trichardt, in Limpopo and started herding his grandmother’s cattle when he was a small child. By the time he was ten he had a few of his own cattle which his grandmother gave him. Although not conscious of it at the time, he was laying a foundation for his farming career.

“In high school, I wanted to be in the health industry to make my dad proud because he worked at the Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital. I chose the mathematics and science stream to get into university so that I could study anything health related,” recalls Rudzani.

Then towards the end of his matric year he changed his mind and decided to study agriculture. “My dad was disappointed. His argument was that they had worked on farms in horrible conditions, and he didn’t believe a black person could be a successful farmer.”

Rudzani explains. Although Rudzani’s father did not approve of his son’s decision he continued to support him and in 2003 Rudzani registered for a National Diploma in Agricultural Management at Unisa. When he moved from Limpopo to Gauteng he sold his cattle as stock theft was rife in his area.

“My grandmother had passed away during my Grade 11 year and there was no one to look after the livestock,” he explains. When he was not studying, he attended as many agricultural workshops and seminars as possible. In 2006, while he was doing his experiential training at the Agricultural Research Council (ARC), the organisation held an event attended by the minister of agriculture and land affairs at the time, Thoko Didiza, and a few MECs, including Limpopo MEC, Dikeledi Magadzi.

“I approached the minister to share my story and vision, and, on the spot, she called the Limpopo MEC over,” says Rudzani. “Ms Magadzi gave me her contact details and from time to time I would call her with an update on my progress,” he recalls.

GROWING POULTRY

Once he had completed his course, Rudzani moved back to Limpopo to start farming. His first opportunity came when a local farmer rented him a broiler house with the capacity for 7 000 birds. “At that time, there weren’t as many broiler producers as there are now and I did very well supplying the local informal market,” recalls Rudzani.

Then, through his conversations with the MEC, he got the chance to grow his business further. The department had spent a lot of money on a broiler project in Mokopane for a youth cooperative, which had collapsed. The MEC suggested to Rudzani that he take over the farm.

The takeover was facilitated and he was sent to Tzaneen for training. In October 2008 he moved to the fully automated, climate-controlled operation, running 42 000 chickens per cycle. The increased capacity meant he had to look for a contract.

“When I first approached Mike’s Chickens in Polokwane, they refused to give me a contract because of the bad experience they had with the previous management,” explains Rudzani. Unwilling to give up he went to see contract grower Ken Goelst.

“Ken agreed to act as my mentor, organised a meeting with Mike’s Chickens and convinced them to give me a chance,” he says. Rudzani delivered his first batch of chickens in January 2009.

MAKING THE CHANGE

When Mike’s Chickens, under new management, started experiencing problems, Rudzani knew he had to make another plan. He had already applied for a farm, but the department was no longer interested in funding another poultry farm. “I identified other farms in the area but they were either overpriced, or the deal fell flat due to delays, especially from the government’s side,” Rudzani says.

In 2016, he was finally approved for a farm of 1 285ha and he moved there in December of that year. The farm has 1 000ha of arable land; the remainder of the farm is used for grazing. Rudzani had 30 Nguni cattle when he moved and he took some of his poultry equipment as there were four small chicken houses each with a 500-bird capacity.

“I started producing broilers for the informal market in the nearby villages. It was challenging in the beginning but became easier as our clientele grew,” says Rudzani. The farm was geared for production and didn’t need much work before Rudzani could start farming. The only issue was a lack of fencing, which exposed his grain crops to wildlife.

“I had saved some money and got a contractor to plant my first crop on 500ha,” recalls Rudzani. He relied on neighbours for a few years to help with cultivation, planting and harvesting. And then his luck turned when he was approved for the recapitalisation grant in 2019. The Grain Farmer Development Association (GFADA), an initiative of the grain trusts, helped him draft a business plan that was approved and Rudzani was able to buy some equipment.

“I got two tractors, a six-row planter, a 1 000-litre boom sprayer, a 10t grain trailer, and a 1 000 litre diesel trailer. I put up a 300m2 shed and fenced the farm.” He had a problem with wildlife, especially kudu, eating his sunflower crop.

“I could lose up to 100ha to kudu,” he says. The recap funds covered 250ha of production and Rudzani funded the remaining hectares. There is currently 974ha planted to sunflower on the farm, which is supplied on contract. “We have grown only sunflowers for the past few seasons as it is currently a good time to be in sunflower production,” Rudzani says. Commodity prices influence his crop selection.

“When the prices are up, I hedge my sunflower price, and this season I have already committed 400t,” he explains. “But I am careful not to overcommit, because if something happens and I can’t produce the promised tonnage I have to buy in the difference from another farmer to meet my commitment.”

Rudzani says the Dwaalboom area is good for sunflower production. With an annual rainfall of 500mm, he gets dryland yields of 1.2t/ha. The predominantly heavy clay soil is fertile and farmers in the area don’t use fertiliser. “Applying fertiliser makes no difference to the yields,” he points out surprisingly. This is an economic advantage, especially now when fertiliser prices are going through the roof, says Rudzani. Planting starts in late November and continues until the end of February.

“You can push it to around the first week of March, but to be on the safe side planting should be done by 28 February.” Cultivation starts in October after the first rains. “We need at least 120mm before we start with land prep,” says Rudzani. He starts by tilling the land to kill all the weeds.

“We sometimes have to use round-up for persistent weeds before we plant,” he says. He uses Roundup Ready Pannar Seed cultivars, Pannar 7102 and 7160, which he says are the best performing cultivars for the area.

PRECISION AND DIVERSITY

He practices precision farming for optimum production. Although the equipment is not cheap, Rudzani says it is worth the investment over time. “I know exactly how much seed is planted, and the planting depth, which helps me farm smarter and conserve resources.”

His plant population is 25 000 plants/ha. Provinces with higher rainfall can plant at 40 000 plants/ha but overpopulating leads to poor yields, he warns. He uses six-row and eight-row planters. “The eight-row planter can cover about 5ha/hour. When we are planting there is no time to stop, not even for lunch. If you stop for an hour’s lunch, you’ve lost 5ha that day.”

He staggers the planting to allow time lags between lands to spread risk. “For example, the lands I planted in December did not produce very well while those I planted from the end of January to the beginning of February are looking much better,” he says.

During the six years he has been on the farm, Rudzani has grown his Nguni herd from 30 to 130 breeding cows. However, he is in the process of switching to Bonsmara cattle and has already sold 90 Ngunis and bought in pregnant Bonsmara cows. He has also introduced Dorper sheep to the operation.

“I started with a trial of 10 sheep about two years ago and it has gone very well,” he says. “I wanted to see how the sheep did in this environment. I believe it’s important to do trials before making any major changes or adding commodities to your operation,” he explains. “This gives you some insight into factors you may not have anticipated and allows you to adjust your approach before increasing the scale,” he adds. He currently has about 30 breeding ewes and a ram and he plans to increase those numbers.



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Checking for pregnancy in goats – African Farming


The ultrasound scan is the only completely reliable and most practical pregnancy test.

An ultrasound machine has a probe that is held against the goat’s belly, near her udder. It emits high-pitched sounds that cannot be heard by the human ear. These sounds bounce back to the machine from various structures in the goat’s belly and the machine transforms the ultrasound echoes into a picture on a screen.

The size, the number and sex of the foetuses can be accurately determined from a scan. However, bringing the goats in for ultrasound examination by a vet may not be a good idea because if pregnant goats are stressed, they may abort.

A much less reliable, but quite practical, method is to stand behind the goat and observe the shape of her belly. Normally the belly is a long oval, slightly bigger at the bottom. If she’s heavily pregnant her belly changes shape, becoming more triangular and sticking out on both sides. She could also look like this if she were very fat, so check does once a week; if she continues to get wider, she’s probably pregnant.

Look at the udder. In non-pregnant does the udder is small and flabby, provided she’s not still suckling a kid. During the last six weeks of pregnancy, it swells progressively and can become quite firm. Don’t try to squeeze the teats to see if there’s milk, because it will break the seal that forms in the teat canal and this could lead to mastitis.

Try to feel the foetus. Kneel behind the doe and make a fist with your right hand. Place it just in front of the udder, low down. Now gently but firmly thrust your fist upwards and forwards, then withdraw it to where you started, but leaving it in contact with the skin. If she is pregnant, you should feel the foetus you have pushed forward, gently move back into position. This technique is called ballottement.

None of these three methods is very reliable but they do give an indication of whether a doe could be pregnant or not. Other less reliable, difficult, or potentially dangerous methods should not be attempted.



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Here’s what you can expect in African Farming this week! – African Farming


This week African Farming heads to Limpopo to meet grain and poultry farmer Rudzani Sadiki and our panel experts chat about the impact of diseases on plants and animals. Make sure to tune in to African Farming on Thursday at 19:00 on Mzansi Wethu, DStv channel 163.



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